![]() The unit of measure of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI) is m/s 2. ![]() An example here is a rocket in free space, in which simple changes in velocity are produced by the engines, and produce g-forces on the rocket and passengers. In the absence of gravitational fields, or in directions at right angles to them, proper and coordinate accelerations are the same, and any coordinate acceleration must be produced by a corresponding g-force acceleration. The experience of no g-force (zero-g), however it is produced, is synonymous with weightlessness. These are examples of coordinate acceleration (a change in velocity) without a sensation of weight. This is demonstrated by the "zero-g" conditions inside a freely falling elevator falling toward the Earth's center (in vacuum), or (to good approximation) conditions inside a spacecraft in Earth orbit. ![]() Objects allowed to free-fall in an inertial trajectory under the influence of gravitation only, feel no g-force acceleration, a condition known as zero-g (which means zero g-force). Stress inside the object is ensured from the fact that the ground contact forces are transmitted only from the point of contact with the ground. (Free fall is the path that the object would follow when falling freely toward the Earth's center). The upward contact-force from the ground ensures that an object at rest on the Earth's surface is accelerating relative to the free-fall condition. For example, the 1 g force on an object sitting on the Earth's surface is caused by mechanical force exerted in the upward direction by the ground, keeping the object from going into free-fall. These mechanical forces actually produce the g-force acceleration on a mass. Thus, the standard gravitational acceleration at the Earth's surface produces g-force only indirectly, as a result of resistance to it by mechanical forces. Gravitation acting alone does not produce a g-force, even though g-forces are expressed in multiples of the acceleration of a standard gravity. Because of these strains, large g-forces may be destructive. Such forces cause stresses and strains on objects, since they must be transmitted from an object surface. In practice, as noted, these are surface-contact forces between objects. The g-force acceleration experienced by an object is due to the vector sum of all non-gravitational and non-electromagnetic forces acting on an object's freedom to move. The g-force acceleration (save for certain electromagnetic force influences) is the cause of an object's acceleration in relation to free-fall. The types of forces involved are transmitted through objects by interior mechanical stresses. When the g-force acceleration is produced by the surface of one object being pushed by the surface of another object, the reaction-force to this push produces an equal and opposite weight for every unit of an object's mass. Since g-force accelerations indirectly produce weight, any g-force can be described as a "weight per unit mass" (see the synonym specific weight). Despite the name, it is incorrect to consider g-force a fundamental force, as "g-force" (lower case character) is a type of acceleration that can be measured with an accelerometer. The g-force (with g from gravitational) is a measurement of the type of acceleration that causes a perception of weight.
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